Herpes Simplex Eye Infection occurs when the herpes simplex virus affects the cornea, the clear front surface of the eye. The most common form is epithelial keratitis, where the virus infects the outermost layer of the cornea. In more severe cases, deeper layers of the cornea may be involved, leading to stromal keratitis, which can cause scarring and vision loss if untreated.

Most people carry HSV-1 from a young age, and the virus can lie dormant in the body before becoming reactivated, often triggered by stress, illness, or sunlight.

Treatment depends on the severity and depth of the infection:

• Topical antiviral eye drops or ointments are typically used for epithelial keratitis.
• Oral antiviral medications may be prescribed in recurrent or more serious cases.
• For stromal keratitis, treatment may include steroids alongside antivirals to reduce inflammation and prevent scarring.
• In cases where the cornea is significantly damaged, a corneal transplant may be considered.

Early diagnosis and treatment are key to avoiding long-term damage.