Treating Keratoconus
Keratoconus is a relatively common condition, affecting 1 in 1800 people. This condition causes the cornea to become cone shaped as the result of a bulging weak spot.
FDA Approved
Advanced Technology
Keratoconus at a Glance
Keratoconus treatment focuses on strengthening and stabilising the cornea, improving vision and managing the condition at every stage through personalised specialist care.
- Treatments Offered
Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking (CXL), Keranatural CAIRS, Intracorneal Ring Segments, Toric Implantable Contact Lenses and Corneal Transplantation, alongside glasses and specialist contact lenses.
- Why Choose
Consultant-led care from experienced corneal specialists
- Finance
Transparent, personalised treatment pricing, with finance options available for eligible procedures.
- Locations
London, Surrey and Sussex.
Key Benefits
- Helps slow or stop keratoconus progression
- May improve visual clarity and reduce distortion
- Advanced corneal strengthening treatments
- Options for different stages of keratoconus
- May improve tolerance of glasses or contact lenses
What causes Keratoconus?
Keratoconus is a condition in which the cornea, the clear outer surface of the eye, gradually becomes thinner and weaker, causing it to bulge into an irregular, cone-like shape. This affects how light enters the eye, resulting in blurred vision, increasing astigmatism, glare and difficulty achieving clear vision with glasses.
Keratoconus commonly develops during adolescence or early adulthood and can progress at different rates. It usually affects both eyes, although one eye may be more severely affected than the other. Factors such as genetics, allergies and frequent eye rubbing may contribute to its development or progression.
Treatment depends on the stage of keratoconus and whether the cornea is continuing to change. Some treatments, such as corneal collagen cross-linking, are designed to strengthen the cornea and limit progression, while others aim to improve its shape or correct existing visual distortion.
There is no single cause for the condition Keratoconus and numerous factors have been implicated and the causes are “multifactorial”. Many with Keratoconus are concerned that they may pass on the condition to their children. Whilst Keratoconus can be inherited, a more common association is allergies and patients often have hay fever, asthma and eczema. Hay fever causes itchiness and eye rubbing aggravates the condition.
Although Keratoconus can occur earlier, more often its onset is in puberty. The condition progresses and then in the late 30s and 40s slows down and stops. Keratoconus has also been observed in contact lens wearers and it is not clear if contact lenses can contribute to the condition or is it because Keratoconus results in shortsightedness and patients use contact lenses for correction. Overall in Keratoconus, the cornea is more elastic than normal and has a tendency to change shape and become steep. Pressure on the cornea can make the weakest area bulge more and is the reason why eye rubbing is strongly discouraged.
Treating Keratoconus
1
Spectacles/Glasses
In the early stages when the cornea is not too abnormally shaped, glasses can help correct vision. Often glasses need to be changed frequently and this is the tip-off that the patient may have Keratoconus, especially if there is a progressive increase in astigmatism.
2
Hard Contact Lenses
Hard or rigid contact lenses and Scleral lenses are useful for improving vision when glasses no longer work. A hard contact lens evens out the corneal irregularities and permits good vision. In some cases contact lenses can become difficult to fit or tolerate at which point surgical options may need to be considered.
3
CXL – Corneal Collagen Cross linking with Riboflavin
This procedure is used to strengthen the cornea and has been used at Centre for Sight since 2005. Strengthening the cornea and reducing its elasticity can stop progression and in some case even cause flattening and an improvement in corneal shape. Find out more about CXL by clicking here.
4
Keranatural CAIRS
The use of corneal tissue to alter the shape of the cornea is a recent advance in the treatment of keratoconus. Results of this procedure have been outstanding and now the preferred option for Intracorneal ring segments. Plastic inserts ( Intacs and Ferrara – right) have been used with great success in the past, however the use of cornea avoids halos and light reflection. Learn more about Keranatural CAIRS here.
5
Intracorneal Rings (Intacs and Ferrara Rings)
These are rings that are inserted into the cornea using a femtosecond laser to create channels. The rings alter the shape of the cornea regularising the shape decreasing astigmatism as well as reducing shortsightedness / myopia by flattening the central cornea. For those who have become intolerant to contact lenses and where the cone is not scarred or not excessively advanced, intracorneal rings can help improve vision with glasses or even allow contact lenses to be fitted. For those who obtain improved vision with glasses, Toric Implantable Contact lenses can be considered to eliminate the need for optical aids altogether. Learn more about Intracorneal Rings here.
6
Toric Implantable Contact Lenses
For those who are able to obtain good vision with glasses and have Keratoconus that has stopped progressing, Toric Implantable Contact Lenses can reduce the need for glasses and in many cases eliminate the need for optical aids. Implanting Toric ICLs in patients with Keraotoconus is less predictable than regular myopic astigmatis. You can learn more about the Toric ICL here.
7
Corneal Transplants
In very advanced stages affecting approximately 15% of Keratoconus patients a corneal transplant may be needed. A partial thickness or Deep Anterior Lamellar (DALK) is the preferred option. A full thickness or Penetrating keratoplasty (PK) is an option that has been used in the past and in countries outside the USA is becoming less common. Precise lasers for use in laser vision correction have been adapted to enable grafting procedures. This technique improves corneal graft apposition and mechanical strength. The option of a Femtosecond Laser Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty has been developed and pioneered by Centre for Sight surgeons. The technique displayed in a video created by Centre for Sight was the recipient of a video award at the American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons, San Francisco, 2013. You can learn more about Corneal transplants here.
Comparing Keratoconus Treatments
Understanding the differences between treatment options can help you make an informed decision. Some treatments focus on preventing further progression, while others are intended to improve vision or address advanced corneal damage.Your consultant will recommend the most suitable approach based on your corneal condition, visual needs and diagnostic results.
Procedure Type
How it works
Best For
Pros
Cons
Procedure Type
Glasses / Specialist Lenses
How it works
Corrects vision using optical lenses
Best For
Mild to moderate keratoconus
Pros
Non-surgical; can improve vision
Cons
Does not prevent progression
Procedure Type
Corneal Cross-Linking
How it works
Strengthens corneal collagen using riboflavin and UV light
Best For
Progressive keratoconus
Pros
Helps stabilise the cornea
Cons
May not improve vision; recovery required
Procedure Type
Keranatural CAIRS
How it works
Donor tissue segments reshape the cornea
Best For
Selected patients with irregular corneal shape
Pros
May improve corneal regularity
Cons
Not suitable for every cornea; further treatment may be needed
What Are the Benefits and Risks of Keratoconus Treatment?
Your consultant will discuss the potential benefits and risks of treatment based on the severity of your keratoconus, corneal health and recommended procedure.
Benefits (vary by procedure):
Slows or Stops Progression
Corneal collagen cross-linking can help strengthen the cornea and reduce the likelihood of further deterioration, particularly when progression is detected early.
Improves Visual Clarity
Specialist contact lenses and selected surgical procedures may reduce irregular astigmatism and improve the quality of vision.
Preserves Long-Term Corneal Health
Appropriate treatment and ongoing monitoring can help manage corneal changes and reduce the risk of more advanced complications.
Offers Personalised Treatment Options
A range of procedures allows treatment to be tailored to the stage of keratoconus, from early corneal changes to advanced disease.
May Reduce Reliance on Optical Aids
Certain procedures may improve vision with glasses or contact lenses, while carefully selected patients may achieve greater spectacle independence.
Risks/side effects (not exhaustive):
Temporary Discomfort and Blurred Vision
Following procedures such as cross-linking, patients may experience discomfort, light sensitivity and fluctuating vision while the cornea heals.
Corneal Haze or Scarring
Some procedures carry a risk of corneal haze or scarring, which may affect visual quality.
Infection or Inflammation
As with other eye procedures, there is a risk of infection or inflammation, although appropriate aftercare helps minimise complications.
Variable Visual Outcomes
Treatment results vary, and some patients may continue to require glasses, contact lenses or additional procedures.
Progression Despite Treatment
Although cross-linking is effective in many patients, keratoconus can occasionally continue to progress, making ongoing monitoring important.
Not Sure If You're Eligible?
Schedule a comprehensive eye examination to determine your candidacy for keratoconus treatment.
Flexible Financing Options
Private Medical Insurance
Many of our Consultants work with all the major insurance providers*
Self Pay
Pay in full for patients who prefer a straightforward approach
0% APR Financing
6-24 month finance options. Credit is provided subject to affordability, age and status. Minimum spend applies.
Military Discount
5% discount for active military and veterans
FAQs
Who Is Suitable for Keratoconus Treatment?
Your consultant will assess your corneal shape, thickness, visual requirements and whether the condition is progressing before recommending treatment. Because keratoconus affects patients differently, the most appropriate approach depends on the stage and severity of the condition.
Can keratoconus be cured?
There is currently no cure for keratoconus. However, treatments such as corneal collagen cross-linking can help slow or stop progression, while other procedures may improve vision.
What causes keratoconus?
The exact cause is not fully understood. Genetics, structural differences within the cornea, allergies and frequent eye rubbing are among the factors associated with the condition.
How do I know if my keratoconus is getting worse?
Signs may include increasing astigmatism, frequent changes to your prescription, worsening visual distortion or difficulty achieving clear vision. However, progression is best identified through specialist corneal scans.
What is the best treatment for keratoconus?
There is no single best treatment for everyone. Cross-linking is commonly used to manage progression, while glasses, specialist contact lenses or selected surgical procedures may improve vision. The appropriate approach depends on your individual circumstances.
Does corneal cross-linking improve vision?
The primary aim of cross-linking is to stabilise the cornea. Some patients may notice improvements in corneal shape or vision, but these cannot be guaranteed, and glasses or contact lenses may still be needed.
Is keratoconus treatment painful?
This depends on the procedure. Anaesthetic eye drops are used during many corneal treatments, but discomfort may occur afterwards, particularly during the early healing period following cross-linking.
Can I have laser eye surgery if I have keratoconus?
Conventional laser vision correction procedures such as LASIK are generally unsuitable for patients with keratoconus because they can weaken the cornea further. Your consultant can explain whether any alternative vision correction procedures may be appropriate.
Still Have Questions?
Our patient care team is here to answer any additional questions you may have about keratoconus treatment.
Our Consultants
Marcela Espinosa-Lagana
Cornea, Cataract, Keratorefractive Surgery and Paediatric Ophthalmology
Clinical Evidence & Statistics
Procedures Completed
Since 2008
Overall Success Rate
20/20 vision or better
Patient Satisfaction
Would recommend to friends
<0.5%
Complication Rate
Serious complications
Patient Success Stories
Absolutely exceptional
From my initial consultation on 30th September to my follow up appointment on 28th October having had cataract surgery and multi focal lenses inserted in both eyes I have received exceptional care, kindness and professionalism. The entire procedure has far exceeded my expectations and absolutely everyone in the team have been incredible. I was made to feel special every step of the way which was painless and totally comfortable. I can wholeheartedly recommend Centre For Sight at East Grinstead.
Cataract
Jan McKinnell
A friend recommended Centre for Sight.
I had two cataracts removed and am delighted with the outcome. All the staff were highly professional, took meticulous care and their work was exemplary. Particular thanks to Adora who was so kind and reassuring throughout. I highly recommend Centre for Sight for anyone considering treatment.
Eventually I went to Specsavers in Egham for some mild driving glasses and the optician looked into my eyes and said that he had never seen such a good job on lens replacements. Best he had ever seen.
Cataract
Florence Angell
As I write this – five days after the first eye was done, I can see clearly! I’m hoping for further improvement as the coming weeks pass.
Overall, the team are extremely professional, all led under the leadership and expertise of Mr Daya. He only has one objective – to make your vision better. And that he has achieved.
Thank you so much.
Best wishes,
Nick
Cataract
MCALEER /NICHOLAS MR
Cataract Surgery Performed Expertly.
Cataract surgery performed expertly by Mr Sheraz M Daya on both eyes. Trifocal lense implants in one procedure and I am now glasses free with better than perfect vision. From start to finish the attention to detail, friendly professionalism and expertise of everyone at Centre For Sight was outstanding.
I cannot praise Mr Daya and his team too highly, and would recommend the procedure to anyone. It truly can be life changing.
Many thanks to everyone at Centre For Sight and in particular Mr Daya.
Cataract
Des Farrell
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