Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, often silently and gradually and can lead to permanent vision loss if untreated. At Centre for Sight, our expert team offers early detection and specialist management to protect your sight. 

FDA Approved

Advanced Technology

Why It Matters / Prevalence & Risk Groups

Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible sight loss in the UK, making early detection essential for protecting long-term vision.

0

Current UK sufferers

0 %

Over 50s affected

0

New cases each year

~15.9%

Rise in cases by 2035

What is Glaucoma?

Glaucoma is an eye condition where the optic nerve, the pathway that carries visual information from the eye to the brain becomes damaged, most commonly due to raised pressure within the eye. This gradual damage can lead to loss of peripheral (side) vision and, if untreated, may cause irreversible sight loss.

In the early stages, glaucoma often has no symptoms, which is why many people are unaware they have it until the disease is more advanced. As it progresses, patients may notice patchy areas of missing vision, difficulty with contrast, or challenges navigating in low-light environments.

Glaucoma can affect one or both eyes, and the rate of progression varies between individuals. Some people experience slow, steady changes over many years, while others may deteriorate more quickly without early diagnosis and treatment.

Risk factors include increasing age, family history, higher eye pressure, short-sightedness, and certain medical conditions such as diabetes or long-term steroid use.

Our Centres

What are the Symptoms of Glaucoma?

Frame 35 2

What Causes Glaucoma?

Optic nerve damage may be caused by raised eye pressure or a weakness in the structure surrounding the optic nerve. Our eye pressures may be within normal limits but damage occurs because there is a weakness in the optic nerve which in turn affects blood flow to the nerve.

The condition is believed to be a genetic disease and may not appear until later in life. It can also be caused by a severe eye infection, a blunt eye injury or trauma, inflammatory eye conditions, or blockage of the eye’s blood vessels.

Frame 35 3

The most common symptoms of glaucoma are:

Gradual loss of peripheral (side) vision — “tunnel vision” effect

Blurred vision or difficulty focusing, especially in low light

Seeing halos or coloured rings around lights

Eye discomfort, pressure, or pain

More common in acute/angle-closure glaucoma

Sudden vision changes, headaches, nausea

This may indicate acute angle-closure and requires immediate medical attention

What Causes Glaucoma?

Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions in which damage occurs to the optic nerve, the structure responsible for carrying visual signals from the eye to the brain. This damage is most commonly linked to a build-up of pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure), though glaucoma can also develop even when eye pressure appears normal. Over time, this pressure or vulnerability causes gradual loss of peripheral vision, often without noticeable symptoms in the early stages.

Several factors can increase the risk of developing glaucoma, including age, family history, short-sightedness, steroid use, and certain medical conditions such as diabetes. It can affect one or both eyes and may progress at different rates.

Because glaucoma-related vision loss is permanent, early diagnosis and ongoing monitoring are essential to protect your sight.

How is Glaucoma Treated?

Glaucoma treatment focuses on lowering the pressure inside the eye to protect the optic nerve from further damage. The first step is usually prescription eye drops, which help reduce intraocular pressure. If one medication isn’t enough, your specialist may add additional drops to achieve the desired pressure level.

When drops don’t provide sufficient control, advanced laser treatments can be used to improve fluid drainage and stabilise eye pressure. These procedures are quick, targeted, and often help reduce dependence on daily drops.

If both drops and laser therapy are not enough, surgical options may be recommended. This can include Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS), a modern approach offering effective pressure reduction with smaller incisions, quicker recovery, and fewer complications compared to traditional surgery.

Your consultant will guide you through the safest and most effective treatment plan based on the type and stage of glaucoma.

Diagnosis & Assessment

Early and accurate diagnosis is essential in glaucoma, as vision loss cannot be reversed once it occurs. At Centre for Sight, your assessment is consultant-led and supported by advanced imaging to detect glaucoma at the earliest possible stage.

1

How We Assess Your Vision

We combine high-resolution scans, intraocular pressure measurements, and optic nerve analysis to identify early changes and evaluate your risk of progression.

Duration: 60-90 minutes

What to Expect

Detailed history & risk review

Eye pressure measurement

Optic nerve evaluation

Personalised recommendations

2

Tests and Scans You May Have

Our diagnostic suite includes OCT imaging, corneal thickness measurement, visual field testing, and angle assessment to build a complete picture of your eye health.

Duration: 60-90 minutes

What to Expect

OCT retinal scan

Corneal thickness check

Visual field test

Drainage angle assessment

3

What Happens at Your First Appointment

Your consultant will review all test results, explain your glaucoma subtype and stage, and discuss the safest and most effective treatment options for long-term eye health.

Duration: 60-90 minutes

What to Expect

Consultant-led review

Explanation of diagnosis

Treatment plan discussion

Opportunity to ask questions

Treatment Options

Effective glaucoma management focuses on lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) to prevent further optic nerve damage and preserve vision. Treatment is tailored to the type and severity of glaucoma, as well as each patient’s individual eye anatomy and lifestyle needs.

icons ui 15

Eye Drops & Prescription Therapies

Prescription eye drops remain a common treatment and work by reducing fluid production in the eye or improving drainage. Your consultant may adjust or combine medications to achieve safe and sustained pressure control.

icons ui 15

Laser Treatments

Laser procedures can help lower eye pressure by improving fluid drainage. DSLT (Direct SLT) offers a non-contact, rapid option, while SLT targets the drainage tissue to enhance outflow. ELIOS, performed alongside cataract surgery, creates micro-channels in the trabecular meshwork to support long-term pressure control without implants.

icons ui 15

Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS)

When drops and laser therapy are insufficient, MIGS procedures can help reduce pressure with less trauma than traditional glaucoma surgery. These techniques preserve more of the eye’s natural anatomy, offer quicker recovery, and are often combined with cataract surgery.

Why Choose Centre for Sight

Centre for Sight is one of the UK’s most established and pioneering eye care providers, with over 30 years of experience and multiple national firsts. We were the first clinic in the UK to perform LASIK, and among the earliest to introduce femtosecond laser technology for both laser eye surgery and cataract procedures. Our consultants have collectively performed over 35,000 cataract surgeries, delivering exceptional outcomes backed by audited results and world-class surgical expertise. Patients benefit from fully consultant-led care, advanced diagnostic technology, and personalised treatment planning, all supported by our reputation as a trusted centre where ophthalmologists from around the world come to observe and train. At Centre for Sight, innovation, safety, and excellence are built into every step of your journey.

Patient Success Stories

Our Centres

London Centre

Suite 2, 14 Queen Anne Street, Marylebone, London W1G 9LG, UK
photophobia

Centre for Sight London, located at 14 Queen Anne St, Suite 2, in the prestigious Harley Street area, offers consultations, follow-up care, and YAG laser procedures.

Google map

london

Sussex Centre

Hazelden Place, Turners Hill Road, East Grinstead, West Sussex, RH19 4RH

centre for sight sussex quote.jpg

Arguably the most modern private eye hospital in the UK, our hospital in Sussex offers Laser Vision Correction, Corneal Transplants, Stem Cell Surgery and more.

Google map

hero supporting image sussex centre e1735845284328.jpg

Surrey Centre

48 High Street, Oxshott, Surrey, KT22 0JR

Laser Eye Surgery Experts 1536x1536.jpg

Centre for Sight London, located at 14 Queen Anne St, Suite 2, in the prestigious Harley Street area, offers consultations, follow-up care, and YAG laser procedures.

Google map

centre for sight surrey

Latest News

Explore our most recent updates, expert insights and news from across our clinics.

Glaucoma FAQs

Find answers to some of the most commonly asked questions below:

There is currently no cure, but early diagnosis and treatment can slow or stop further vision loss. Many people with glaucoma maintain good quality of life with ongoing care.

Glaucoma is believed to be a genetic disease and may not appear until later in life. As it usually appears later in life, your risk increases as you age. In the UK, it’s thought that about 1 in 50 people aged over 40 has the condition.

Since glaucoma comes with few warning signs, regular eye exams are important for detecting it early enough to allow successful treatment.

After diagnosis, treatments include eye drops, laser eye treatments and surgery. For more information, check out our treatment page.

Have Questions?

Our patient care team is here to answer any questions you may have.